Ventilación fotovoltáica para un vehículo estacionado bajo el sol = photovoltaic ventilation for a vehicle exposed to solar radiation
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Date
2026
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Institución Universitaria Pascual Bravo
Abstract
Cuando un vehículo permanece estacionado bajo radiación solar directa, las superficies acristaladas producen un efecto invernadero que puede elevar la temperatura interna por encima de los 60 °C. Este fenómeno no solo deteriora los materiales del interior, sino que también favorece la liberación de compuestos volátiles potencialmente tóxicos. Aunque existen soluciones comerciales de ventilación asistida mediante ventanillas incorporadas como elementos adicionales a los vehículos, estas comprometen la seguridad del vehículo y modifican los componentes. Considerando lo anterior, el presente trabajo propone el diseño, implementación y validación de un sistema de ventilación autónomo que emplea un panel solar fotovoltaico semiflexible de 100 W como elemento de alimentación de energía al forzador de aire original del vehículo. Usando energía solar se puede activar la ventilación con el vehículo apagado, teniendo las ventanas completamente cerradas, lo que preserva la seguridad del automóvil. Las pruebas fueron realizadas en la ciudad de Medellín, usando un Renault Logan Familier blanco sin ninguna película protectora de radiación sobre los vidrios. De acuerdo con los resultados, el sistema logra reducir la temperatura interna del vehículo hasta 8 °C en comparación con la temperatura alcanzada sin hacer uso del sistema de ventilación. Aunque el panel fotovoltaico es un elemento adicional al vehículo, la eficacia demostrada sugiere la viabilidad de integrar este tipo de elementos directamente en el diseño del vehículo, pues la reducción de temperatura no solo favorece el confort en el habitáculo, sino que también contribuye a disminuir el consumo de combustible asociado al uso del sistema de climatización durante la fase inicial de operación posterior a la exposición prolongada a la radiación solar.
Abstract When a vehicle remains parked under direct solar radiation, the glazed surfaces generate a greenhouse effect that can raise the internal temperature above 60 °C. This phenomenon not only accelerates the degradation of interior materials but also promotes the release of potentially toxic volatile compounds. Although commercial solutions based on assisted ventilation systems integrated into window add-ons exist, these typically compromise vehicle security and require modifications to original components. In light of these limitations, the present work proposes the design, implementation, and validation of an autonomous ventilation system that employs a 100 W semi-flexible photovoltaic solar panel as the power source for the vehicle’s original air blower. By harnessing solar radiation, the system enables ventilation to operate even when the vehicle is turned off and the windows remain fully closed, thereby preserving both the integrity and security of the vehicle. Experimental tests were conducted in the city of Medellín using a white Renault Logan Familier without any solar control film applied to its windows. According to the results, the proposed system reduces the internal vehicle temperature by up to 8 °C compared to conditions without active ventilation. Although the photovoltaic panel constitutes an additional component, its demonstrated effectiveness supports the feasibility of integrating such technologies directly into vehicle design. This temperature reduction not only improves in-cabin thermal comfort but also contributes to lowering fuel consumption associated with the use of the air conditioning system during the initial operation period following prolonged exposure to solar radiation.
Abstract When a vehicle remains parked under direct solar radiation, the glazed surfaces generate a greenhouse effect that can raise the internal temperature above 60 °C. This phenomenon not only accelerates the degradation of interior materials but also promotes the release of potentially toxic volatile compounds. Although commercial solutions based on assisted ventilation systems integrated into window add-ons exist, these typically compromise vehicle security and require modifications to original components. In light of these limitations, the present work proposes the design, implementation, and validation of an autonomous ventilation system that employs a 100 W semi-flexible photovoltaic solar panel as the power source for the vehicle’s original air blower. By harnessing solar radiation, the system enables ventilation to operate even when the vehicle is turned off and the windows remain fully closed, thereby preserving both the integrity and security of the vehicle. Experimental tests were conducted in the city of Medellín using a white Renault Logan Familier without any solar control film applied to its windows. According to the results, the proposed system reduces the internal vehicle temperature by up to 8 °C compared to conditions without active ventilation. Although the photovoltaic panel constitutes an additional component, its demonstrated effectiveness supports the feasibility of integrating such technologies directly into vehicle design. This temperature reduction not only improves in-cabin thermal comfort but also contributes to lowering fuel consumption associated with the use of the air conditioning system during the initial operation period following prolonged exposure to solar radiation.
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Keywords
Automóviles, Energía solar, Automóviles - Equipo eléctrico, Automóviles - Sistemas de climatización, Automóviles - Consumo de carburante, Compuestos orgánicos volátiles - Aspectos ambientales, Ventilación - Aparatos y accesorios - Energía solar, Automobiles - Climate control systems, Solar energy, Ventilación - Aparatos y accesorios - Energía solar
